New Cross Hospital, Avonley Road, opened in 1877. It was established by the Metropolitan Asylum Board as a smallpox hospital and developed into a general hospital treating infectious diseases serving the south-east London area.

Its buildings were added to in the early 20th century. Under the National Health Service it came under the control of the Bermondsey and Southwark Hospital Management Committee and various functions were transferred from Guy's Hospital.

The hospital was run down in the 1980s and 1990s and nearly all the buildings have now been demolished.